Workshop 12: Last workshop (voluntary)

12B.) there are 50 alleles (alleles affect things like eye and hair color and many other things) Uses the equation [N*(N+1)]/2 to find out the combinations of all the alleles.
so the number of alleles is 1275.

12C.)pretty much the intestine or whatever organ is covered in mucus and the mucus is usually water but with cystic fibrosis the mucus dries up because the Cl- channel stops working and so no water follows after the Cl- thus causing the mucus to dry up.

12D.) the steps are pretty much split(uses helikase), copy(polymerase), put back together(DNA replication complex).   yes, the the reproduced bacteria is identical.  even if the bacteria had 4 chromosomes, it would still work but there would be different amounts of chromosomes in some of the daughter cells.

12E.)the radiation would cause a mutation that would make different proteins.  since penicillin, binds to the original protein, this new sequence that exists in the new proteins wouldn't really allow penicillin to bind to it.  this trait would only be in daughter cells if the DNA is affected but if its only local within the cell and not the DNA, then the daughter cells won't be affected.

12F.)
-Protophase-
1.)replicate everything (using DNA replication complex)
2.)condense chromosomes (using condensin complex)
3.)nucleic envelope is gotten rid of so cells can split (using laminase)

-metaphase-
4.)cells line up and mtoc grow microtubioles to the chromosomes' kinetochore

-anaphase-
5.)chromosomes are pulled toward mtoc by the microtubioles disintegrating and becoming shorter

-telephase-
6.)cells start to split. the myosin motor starts to pinch cell.
7.)then two daughter cells are left.

12G.)
cytokinesis is moving out of cytoplasm. the antibody distrupted the process and doesn't allow the myosin to pinch the cells so in the end all the chromosomes are within one cell.

12H.)each chromosome has a 3 loci setting of h,m, and l. in this problem the affinity is also the phenotype and determines how much O2 can pass through.

given: genotypes(settings are supposed to be in subscripts) (affinity)

AmAmBmBmHmHm (1), AhAhBhBhHhHh (1.), AlAlBlBlHlHl (0.5)

ones made in WS:

AmAmBlBlHhHh (averages out to 1)

AlAmBmBmHlHm (around 0.7 since most of it is all m's and only a couple of l's)



on a side note: Derek: "I would like to give birth once." and use the poly in polymerase in lets say polygon.