In order for molecules to bond with each other, they must be at the correct speed and orientation.
This is where enzymes come in- they lower entropy and make it more likely moelcules will bond!
ATP hydrolysis has FREE ENERGY, so it is delta G NEGATIVE
To make a reaction go, you need activation energy.
polypeptide= amino acid chain...... amino acid chain=polypeptide
PHOSPHODIESTER BONDS connect nucleotides ( C3-O-P-O-C5 )
COUPLING is when you use a delta G negative reaction to fuel a delta G positive reaction
Think: Guy wants to lift weights, which has a positive delta G of 50. He eats a powerpar which contains a negative delta G of 60. Now he can lift the weights, and he releases the extra 10 as heat.
ATP is a high energy intermediate. During hydrolysis, a phosphate group is removed---this releases energy which can be used to bond nucleotides!
The End
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